Methanol preparation method
Release time:
2021-11-22
Synthetic method
1. The production of methanol is mainly a synthesis method, and the chemical reaction formula for synthesis is:
2H2+CO→CH3OH
2. Pre-rectify the synthesized crude methanol to remove methyl ether. (The high-pressure method was the first to realize the industrial synthesis method, but because of its high energy consumption, complex processing, harsh material requirements, and many by-products in the product, it was replaced by the ICI low- and medium-pressure method and the Lurgi low- and medium-pressure method. Industrial synthesis Almost all methanol uses carbon monoxide pressurized catalytic hydrogenation method. The process includes gas production, synthesis purification, methanol synthesis and crude methanol rectification.)
3. Purify the crude methanol. The purification process includes rectification and chemical treatment. Chemical treatment mainly uses alkali to destroy impurities that are difficult to separate in the rectification process and adjust the pH value; rectification mainly removes volatile components such as dimethyl ether, and hard-to-volatile ethanol, higher alcohol and water. The purity after crude distillation can generally reach more than 98%.
4. Use rectification method to reduce the water content of industrial methanol to below 0.01%. Treatment with sodium hypoiodate can remove the acetone. After rectification, pure methanol is obtained.
5. The preparation of BV-Ⅲ grade methanol mainly adopts rectification process. Using industrial methanol as raw material, through rectification, ultra-clean filtration, and ultra-clean sub-packaging, high-purity methanol products are obtained. Generally, industrial methanol is used as the raw material, and the water is removed by normal pressure distillation, the top of the tower is controlled at 64-65°C, and the insoluble matter is removed by filtration.
Dry distillation
Methanol was first produced by dry distillation of wood, so methanol is also called wood alcohol. Among them, there is very little methanol in the natural free state, so this method wastes wood, and the product contains impurities such as acetone, and it is difficult to remove. Because this method could not meet the needs, after 1924, people began to gradually stop using this method.
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